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用opensocial开发sns游戏 (5)

2008-12-28, 17:27

数据存储的Google App Engine实现

在开始之前先回顾一下目前的情况，已经做到的——将flash游戏放在GAE的空间上、在51上申请OpenSocial应用、通过xml描述页面、通过javascript调用OpenSocial得到好友信息供游戏使用。
最后要做的是——为用户提供游戏分数的存储以实现分数排行榜。

这一部分你可以参考Google App Engine 使用入门的数据库部分。

首先定义要存储的数据模型。
在你的这个GAE项目的路径下，也就是app.yaml所在的目录，建立一个文件用于描述数据。我仿照示例建立一个db_model.py文件，内容如下：

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from google.appengine.ext import db
 
class Scores(db.Model):
    owner_id = db.StringProperty()
    owner_name = db.StringProperty()
    owner_score = db.IntegerProperty()

这里我建立了一个名为Scores的数据类型，它有三个属性，分别是id（String）、name（String）和score（Int）。

其次加入向数据库中新建数据的方法。
javascript端要做的事情：
在游戏运行结束，显示了玩家的分数以后，我们加入一个“参加排行”的按钮。通过按下这个按钮调用javascript中自定义的submitScore函数，向其中传入三个参数，分别为玩家姓名、玩家：

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function submitScore(id, name, score) {
	var params = {};
	params[gadgets.io.RequestParameters.METHOD] = gadgets.io.MethodType.POST;
	post_data = gadgets.io.encodeValues({
		'owner_id' : id,
		'owner_name' : name,
		'score' : score.toString()});
	params[gadgets.io.RequestParameters.POST_DATA] = post_data;
	var url = 'http://yourappname.appspot.com/scores';
 
	gadgets.io.makeRequest(url, onLoad, params);
}

这一整段代码向我们的GAE项目的[url地址+“/scores”]发送了一个POST请求，同时附带了我们的姓名、ID和分数的数据。（在流程上，接下来应该是GAE的服务端处理这个POST请求并将数据存入数据库，但是为了开发的连贯性，先把javascript的东西都写完）
在上面的最后一行，gadgets.io.makeRequest(url, onLoad, params); 这一句是实际发出请求的语句，其中第一个是目标url，最后一个参数指定了我们访问的类型是POST，并且用户分数信息也包含在这里。第二个参数onLoad指定了一个回调函数，这个回调函数会返回可能的错误信息，表示POST请求是否成功。
下面是onLoad函数的具体内容：

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function onLoad(response) {
	var params = {};
	params[gadgets.io.RequestParameters.AUTHORIZATION] = gadgets.io.AuthorizationType.SIGNED;
	params[gadgets.io.RequestParameters.CONTENT_TYPE] = gadgets.io.ContentType.JSON;
	var url = 'http://yourappname.appspot.com/scores';
	gadgets.io.makeRequest(url, onLoadRecords, params);
}

我这里为了简单，并没有做错误检查，只是假定成功，然后做接下来的事情：得到分数排名信息。同样是对相同的url发出一个请求，所不同的是这次是一个GET请求（默认），同时指定返回JSON格式的数据。（不用管是什么格式，只要知道怎么用就好^_^）最后一样又指定了一个回调函数onLoadRecords，在这个回调函数里将得到返回的排行榜信息，解析以后返回给flash显示。

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function onLoadRecords(response) {
  var records = response.data;
 
	  var scorelist = new Array();
	  var namelist = new Array();
	  for (var i=0; i<records.length ; i++)
	  {
		  scorelist.push(records[i].uscore);
		  namelist.push(records[i].uname);
	  }
	  try{
			thisMovie('myFlashContent').sendScoreToAS(scorelist, namelist);
	  }catch (e) {
			alert(e.name + ": " + e.message);
	  } 
}

这里的操作步骤其实和之前文章（3）中的onLoadFriends很相似，通过一个sendScoreToAS将数据传给flash的actionscript。
总结一下flash和javascript的交互流程就是：按下提交分数的按钮->通过POST请求向GAE端写入分数->通过GET请求得到目前的分数排行信息->将信息返回通过flash显示。

GAE端要做的事情：
要做的事情其实就是实现对'http://yourappname.appspot.com/scores'这个URL的POST和GET请求。POST请求用于写入一个分数记录，GET请求用于返回分数排行。
在文章（2）的代码中有这么一句：

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application = webapp.WSGIApplication([('/', MainHandler)],
                                       debug=True)

这句代码的意思是对于我们URL的任何访问都交给MainHandler来处理。那么现在我们加入用于处理"/scores"路径的函数。

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application_paths = [('/', MainHandler), ('/scores', api.ApiServer)]
application = webapp.WSGIApplication(application_paths, debug=True)

这样就指定了，如果所访问的URL是以"/scores"开头，那么就交给api.ApiServer来访问。新建一个api.py文件，其中新建一个ApiServer类用于处理post和get请求。

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from google.appengine.ext import webapp
from google.appengine.ext import db
import logging
import json
# 之前定义的Scores数据模型
from db_model import Scores
class ApiServer(webapp.RequestHandler):
  def get(self):
    records = []
    topscores = []
    topscores = db.GqlQuery("SELECT * FROM Scores ORDER BY owner_score DESC LIMIT 10")
    for score in topscores:
      item = {'uid' : score.owner_id,
              'uname' : score.owner_name,
              'uscore' : score.owner_score
        }
      records.append(item)
    self.response.out.write(json.write(records))
  def post(self):
    gettedname = self.request.get('owner_name')
    gettedid = self.request.get('owner_id')
    gettedscore = self.request.get('score')
    new_score = Scores()
    new_score.owner_name = gettedname
    new_score.owner_id = gettedid
    new_score.owner_score = int(gettedscore)
    new_score.put()

在第5行导入了之前定义了分数的数据模型。7~17行实现对GET的请求，之后是对POST的请求。在处理POST是，所调用的三句self.request.get('key')中的key是和之前javascript中的submitScore中的三个键值对是对应的。得到这些信息后，新建一个Scores对象，赋值，最后通过put存入数据库中。
对GET请求的处理是通过执行一个数据库查询语句来得到分数最高的10个记录，也就是按分数降序排列的前10个记录。

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("SELECT * FROM Scores ORDER BY owner_score DESC LIMIT 10")

通过这一句类似SQL的查询语句来完成。得到记录的查询结果后再依次访问每条记录，将记录信息写入一个数组通过json格式返回。返回的数据是由javascript中的onLoadRecords处理并传入flash。
以上内容可以参考GAE文档中的gql部分。

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分类： flash游戏开发  |  评论 (RSS)  |  引用

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